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In Vitro Detection of Apoptosis in Monocytes/Macrophages Infected with Human Coronavirus

Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14214

Received 24 April 2002/ Returned for modification 17 July 2002/ Accepted 22 August 2002

Human coronavirus (HCoV) strain 229E infection, but not HCoV strain OC43 infection, of monocytes/macrophages from healthy donors and patients with multiple sclerosis in remission resulted in increased apoptosis, as measured by DNA changes and annexin V staining. Apoptosis correlated with the differential release of infectious virus. HCoV strain 229E titers were 10^3.5 to 10⁶ 50% tissue culture-infective doses (TCID₅₀)/ml, and HCoV strain OC43 titers were only 10^1.2 to 10^2.7 TCID₅₀/ml.

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