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Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology, November 2002, p. 1389-1391, Vol. 9, No. 6
1071-412X/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/CDLI.9.6.1389-1391.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Prophylactic Effect of Mycobacterium bovis BCG Vaccination against Osteomyelitis in Children with Mycobacterium ulcerans Disease (Buruli Ulcer)

Department of Microbiology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, 2000 Antwerp, Belgium,¹ Centre Sanitaire et Nutritionnel, Gbemoten, Zagnanado,² Programme National de Lutte contre l'Ulcère de Buruli, Ministère de la Santé, Cotonou, Bénin,³ Department of Infectious and Parasitic Disease Pathology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, D.C. 20306⁴

Received 17 April 2002/ Returned for modification 9 August 2002/ Accepted 6 September 2002

Mycobacterium ulcerans disease, or Buruli ulcer (BU), causes significant morbidity in West Africa. In 233 consecutive, laboratory-confirmed samples from BU patients in Benin whose Mycobacterium bovis BCG scar status was known, 130 children (<15 years old) and 75 adults had a neonatal BCG vaccination scar. Of 130 children with BCG scars, 10 (7.7%) had osteomyelitis, while 3 of 9 children without BCG scars (33.3%) had osteomyelitis. Our observations support the conclusion that having a BCG vaccination scar provides significant protection against M. ulcerans osteomyelitis in children with BU disease.

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