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Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology, 07 1995, 434-438, Vol 2, No. 4
Copyright © 1995 by the American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Differential effects of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope protein gp120 on interferon production by mononuclear cells from adults and neonates

MP Nair, KC Chadha, I Stadler, A Sweet and SA Schwartz
Department of Medicine and Microbiology, State University of New York at Buffalo, USA.

While considerable progress in examining the course of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in adults has been made, a better understanding of the natural history of perinatal HIV infection remains to be obtained. Dysregulation of the production and functions of various cytokines, especially the interferons (IFNs), during HIV infections has been reported. Using an in vitro model system, we examined the effects of the HIV type 1 envelope protein, gp120 (10, 50, and 100 ng/ml), on gamma IFN (IFN-gamma) and IFN-alpha production by lymphocytes from neonates and adults and also examined the potential regulatory effects of gp120 on phorbol 12-myristate acetate (PMA)- and Sendai virus-induced IFN-gamma and IFN-alpha production by lymphocytes. PMA at a concentration of 50 ng/ml plus 50 ng of calcium ionophore A23187 per ml was used to induce IFN-gamma, while 150 hemagglutinating units of Sendai virus was used to induce IFN-alpha production. The antiviral activity of both IFN-alpha and IFN-gamma in leukocyte culture supernatants was assayed on BG-9 cells by a dye uptake technique using vesicular stomatitis virus as a challenge virus. Placental cord blood leukocyte (CBL) samples from healthy, term infants and adult peripheral blood leukocytes (APBL) produced no IFN in response to gp120. However, CBL produced significantly decreased levels of IFN-gamma compared with APBL in response to PMA plus ionophore. gp120 significantly suppressed both Sendai virus-induced IFN-alpha and PMA-induced IFN-gamma production by both CBL and APBL in a dose-dependent manner. However, gp120-induced suppression of IFN-alpha and IFN-gamma was significantly greater with CBL than with APBL.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

This article has been cited by other articles:

• Nair, M. P. N., Schwartz, S. A. (2000). Reversal of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Protein-Induced Inhibition of Natural Killer Cell Activity by Alpha Interferon and Interleukin-2. CVI 7: 101-105 [Abstract] [Full Text]