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Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology, Jan 1994, 16-20, Vol 1, No. 1
Copyright © 1994 by the American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Increased immunogenicity of inactivated influenza virus vaccine containing purified surface antigen compared with whole virus in elderly women

DC Powers
Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, St. Louis Veterans Affairs Medical Center, MO 63125, USA.

Thirty-eight elderly female subjects (aged 80 +/- 7 years, mean +/- standard deviation) were randomized to immunization with trivalent inactivated influenza virus vaccine containing either purified surface antigen (n = 18) or whole virus (n = 20) components from A/Texas/36/91 (H1N1), A/Beijing/353/89 (H3N2), and B/Panama/45/90 strains. Humoral and cellular immune responses were assessed by measuring serum hemagglutination inhibition antibodies and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) activity at 0 and 3 weeks postvaccination. Serological responses to both of the type A vaccine strains following immunization with surface antigen vaccine (SAV) were significantly more frequent and greater in magnitude than those induced by whole-virus vaccine. Antibody responses to the B/Panama component were modest and did not differ significantly between the two vaccines. Persons given SAV, but not those given whole- virus vaccine, had a small but significant increase in mean percent specific lysis of influenza A (H1N1) virus-infected autologous targets by peripheral blood mononuclear cells which were stimulated in vitro with influenza A (H1N1) virus. The H1N1-stimulated cytotoxic effectors induced by SAV were CD8+ and were not cross-reactive against H3N2- infected targets. Influenza B virus-specific CTL responses were not observed with either vaccine. These results suggest that currently available subunit influenza virus vaccines may offer an advantage over inactivated whole-virus preparations for inducing humoral and cellular immune responses in the elderly, although the CTL response may be too limited to be of physiological significance.




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Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. Infect. Immun.
J. Clin. Microbiol. J. Virol. ALL ASM JOURNALS

Copyright © 1994 by the American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.